the complete guide on how to build a crystal radio—plus how they work
There is a lot to do to make a beautiful crystal radio, so this will have to be split into two parts.
The first part is the actual production of the functional radio, and the second part is to make the whole arrangement look good.
In this section, I\'m going to tell you more than just how to make crystal radios, and I\'m going to explain how and why they work.
Crystal Radio has been very steampunk since its first development in the late 19 th century.
The technology was discovered in 1874, but it was not commercially available until the beginning of the 20 th century.
The best thing about the crystal radio is that it doesn\'t need a separate power supply because all the power it needs is obtained from the skyline.
So most simple sets are very low
But they still work well!
For those who are not technicians
This project is really very, very simple.
Anyone can do it as long as you have the right parts.
Here are all the parts needed to make crystal radios, and I will explain what they are, how they work, and where to get them: you may notice that there are only four parts.
Yes, that\'s what you really need!
Before I start explaining what they are and what purpose they serve, let me tell you how the one o\'clock arrangement works.
With a set of crystals, it is important to have an antenna. Your coil (
I will talk about it later)
Can be used as a function of advertising
But you need a good antenna to achieve the best results.
The reason you need a good antenna is that the more antennas you have, the greater the power your device receives and the greater the sound.
This is because radio waves are wireless from all intents and purposes.
Yes, it\'s powerful enough to constantly surround and penetrate your invisible waves to power simple radios.
How is it possible?
Some of you may be familiar with the experiment by Nikola Tesla to provide wireless power to the world.
\"Power\" can refer to a lot of different things.
We often think of electricity as water and flow out of our sockets as needed.
In fact, it is much more complex than this, and like water, electricity has waves, streams and other features that control its various properties.
While you may think that radio waves and electricity are different, they are actually the same phenomenon!
Radio waves are just fluctuations in the magnetic field that surrounds us.
Think about the waves in the ocean: they can push you around because each wave has its own kinetic energy.
You can imagine the radio waves as invisible waves.
They are invisible to us because they do not respond to us.
However, the copper wire can \"see\" the wave as it is a conductor of electricity!
You can think of waves as vibrations.
When they touch the conductor, the conductor vibrates.
In this case, the vibration is very small and can hardly be heard.
That\'s why you need the crystal. or diode)
Then listen to the signal with a very, very sensitive headset.
When you use an electric radio, it adds power to the circuit, amplifying the vibration until it becomes very large.
The battery is like this (or plug)does.
No matter what kind of radio you have, it always receives radio waves even if it is powered off.
Unless you amplify the circuits because of the way modern radios are made, you can\'t hear them.
Now that you have a general idea of the principles behind the crystal radio, let\'s take a more concrete look at their components and how they work.
In Wikipedia, which is confused with the TV program of the same name, The Wire is the skeleton of your radio.
There are two uses for your wire: the radio wave catcher is called your antenna and the tuner is called your coil.
There are a lot of both configurations, but I will introduce it as simply as possible.
First of all, what kind of wire should you use?
This is a difficult question to answer, as there are shortcomings and shortcomings in each wire.
In general, you will encounter two different types in terms of crystal radio, insulated wire and magnet wire.
For all the intentions and purposes of this project, insulated wires and magnet wires are one thing.
No matter what you use, though you can see in the picture below that I used the magnet wire.
I chose the magnet wire for various reasons, but the most important thing for me is that it looks more like \"Steampunk \".
Very modern plastic insulationlooking.
You need to choose a line gauge which will affect your tuning ability.
I have a table for my car on the 16 th, but I would suggest it to be a little smaller as it might be easier to use.
So, maybe with the specification of 18 or 20, but this is mainly a problem that you prefer to work with larger or smaller wires.
We can adjust the tuning capability according to the wire specifications you use.
Magnet Wire was really easy to find and I ordered this one from Amazon.
We will discuss how to deal with this wire later.
When I first started making a steampunk crystal radio, I said to myself, \"Yes!
I will find a real crystal for my radio and it will be very real and awesome --looking!
\"Unfortunately, this enthusiasm soon disappeared as I began to understand what it would take to use a real crystal.
The Crystal you can use for crystal radio is very limited and you can\'t hang it on a piece of quartz.
Most crystals that are useful for radio are not crystals that look particularly beautiful, such as lead ore, which is the crystal form of lead.
Second, it is a great pain to adjust them in the back.
The crystal radio using a real crystal is called a \"cat silk\" device because of the way the wires hang on the crystal.
Basically, you need to keep
Adjust them when you are listening, otherwise you will lose the signal. It\'s terrible.
So despite my desire for authenticity, I had to compromise in order not to unplug my hair and use only modern diodes.
\"Modern\" is, of course, an angle issue because the design of modern diodes has not changed significantly since 1930.
Although I might use a vacuum
Tube diodes, which are hard to pass through, are still slightly more than the steampunk era.
I may continue to look, though.
Anyway, this is the diode I got: As you can see from the picture, these diodes are type 1N34A, which is enough for the crystal radio.
They look like this: if you zoom in very closely in the picture above, you can see that modern diodes are basically just fixed --whiskers.
It is the design of the cat, but it is fixed, so it cannot be moved.
So, a diode (or crystal)do?
Why do you need one?
It\'s hard to explain.
What the diode does is transmit the signal in one direction, not in the other, but at this point it may not make any sense to you.
When you have a circuit, the signal flows anywhere, even backwards.
If your signal flows forward and backward, you will get a huge mix of signals if you try to listen to it.
They will cancel themselves and do all kinds of things to make it unusable.
To solve this problem, you use a diode to filter your signal on the circuit.
In this way, you receive only one version of the signal on the headset.
If you want to think about this like our previous water analogy, think of the circuit as a pool.
The pool is full of water, like electricity in the circuit.
If you throw a stone in the pool, the ripples flow outward, and if you have a way to measure the waves at the edge of the pool, you will get an unobstructed signal from the waves you send out.
Now, imagine if you throw two stones into the water at both ends of the pool at the same time.
The ripples meet in the middle and disappear on their own, making the whole pool wavy, but destroying the purity of any one signal.
The normal state of the circuit is like two-
The stone model, but adding a diode will turn it into-
The stone model allows pure signals to be measured at the end.
At the end. . . .
Headphones this is where your signal ends, once you collect it from the skyline and filter it with a diode.
You need a special type of headset to really hear the signal;
The people you sit around your house don\'t do that.
This is because the design of the modern headset uses electricity, which is more reasonable than you use-sized antenna.
Because your power supply is very, very small, you need a very sensitive headset that will react to the tiny vibrations in your circuit.
This is called a \"high impedance\" headset, or a \"ceramic\" headset.
Unfortunately, a high-impedance headset is still being built around the world and is very ugly.
You can get them from different places, but I did some research and found that they all came from the same factory in the UK.
Unfortunately, they are rubbish.
The quality is very bad because some people don\'t work at all and others will die soon.
In addition, the manufacturer is aware of this and refuses to take any action on it. Nice, right?
However, you will get stuck if you want to buy a new high impedance headset because they are the only seller.
This is how it looks: it is normal 3.
5mm jack, but for the crystal radio you will want to cut it off and expose two wires at the end.
It\'s just a headset, but you need two wires to complete the circuit correctly.
We will discuss this more specifically below. Resistor (Optional)
The resistor allows you to manage the power on the circuit.
In the absence of technologies such as current and resistance, it will basically let a certain amount of power pass through it so that nothing connected to the circuit will be submerged.
You may not need a resistor using the basic crystal radio.
However, if your antenna is long enough, you may get enough power to hit your diode, which you don\'t want to happen.
So if you\'re going to string a long skyline, you might want to include a resistor.
This is the one I used: it\'s a resistance of 47 k. . .
Well, it\'s quite complicated to explain without real technology.
For simplicity, this resistor provides a resistance of 47,000 ohms for the circuit.
Resistance helps control the current.
This is a shallow water area of a very, very deep pool so I thought I would leave it there.
What you need to know about this project is that if you are going to have a long skyline, you should include a 47 k resistor.
They can be sold through almost any e-store and you can even order them on Amazon or Ebay.
Now that you know what the different parts are, it\'s time to start making the radio!
The first step is to make your own coil.
Coils are especially easy to make.
All you have to do is get someconductive (
Plastic, wood, cardboard, etc. )
Wrap some wires around it.
You want to keep the insulation, in the case of a normal wire, the insulation will be plastic, but in the case of a magnet wire, the insulation will be enamel.
The tighter the coil, the better it will work as well, but it can still work with loose coils.
Ideally, your coil form will be between 4-
6 inch in diameter, hollow.
The less material between wires, the stronger the magnetic field they produce.
Tables don\'t even need to be round. . .
A square or rectangle is fine.
In fact, for my first crystal radio, I used an empty cardboard box: Bathed in the glory of how ugly the radio was.
But you know what? It worked.
I can receive the signal and everything is fine.
Now, I\'m using something you don\'t need. bones set.
First of all, I have a spare piece of wood that I use as a base.
You really don\'t need this.
Second, I have some small metal clips that I use to assemble for convenience, but you don\'t need them either.
I ended up eating a crocodile clip, but that\'s not a must either.
However, crocodile clips can make your life easier.
Anyway, what you want to do is wrap your wire around the coil.
Every three rounds, do what they call a \"knock \".
The faucet is those small wire rings that you see in the picture above.
Just relax a little and turn your wire into a loop.
Do it every three laps, a total of about 40 laps.
That means you should end up with 13 taps.
The reason we do this is that our coil is actually a homemade variable resistor.
Variable resistors are also called potentiometer, they are the devices you use in a variety of things, such as volume knobs, dimmer switches, etc.
In this case, we will use variable resistors to tune the radio by artificially extending and shortening the magnetic field.
So, make sure to remove the insulation from the tap.
You need a knife to do this if you have plastic insulation, but some sandpaper will work fine if you have magnet wires.
Don\'t forget to leave some slack at the beginning and at the end as you need to connect these ends to other things.
Turn the coil into a wireless current, you have a coil with some taps, and the rest of the radio is just a matter of connecting the coil to the rest.
The top of the coil is attached to the antenna.
Just a simple copperto-
Copper connections are enough for all of this. . .
Welding is not required if you do not want.
If you don\'t know how to weld, you can simply screw the ends together and tape them.
Just make sure there is a strong connection, because you will not receive a signal if any of your wires are loose or not fully exposed to each other.
So, like I said, the top of your coil is connected to your antenna, and the bottom is connected to your ground.
Owning land is very important for getting a good signal, although I know that good land can be difficult for people who live in an apartment or city.
The ground is what it sounds like: the ground.
Ideally, what you do is knock a metal rod into the dirt for a few feet and then attach the bottom of the coil to the dirt.
In addition to that, you can connect your ground wire to some copper pipe or any other metal pipe that enters the ground.
In other words, you want your circuit to dissipate excess electricity.
Strictly speaking, there is no need for the ground.
Not the antenna.
Although there is no additional antenna and ground, your coil can act as an antenna on its own, ready to receive very weak signals.
My current device is portable so it has a small antenna with no ground but I have taken some steps to make it bigger.
I\'m going to talk about these steps in the next part of this series, but for now, either stick with the antenna and the ground, or abandon them completely for the sake of a weak signal.
From the end of the coil you connect to the ground, you want to connect to the headset with a wire.
Or, half of your headphones.
It\'s easy to connect an extra wire, just scrape off some insulation and wrap one wire around the other.
This wire will be connected directly to one of the two wires on the headset.
This forms the output wire so that your signal can reach the ground through the headphones.
Next, you will connect your diode to another lead on the headset.
You can connect it directly or you can connect it through a piece of wire.
Whatever you like
Finally, connect the other end of the diode to the length of the wire.
If you have a crocodile clip, connect it to the far end of the wire attached to your diode.
Otherwise, don\'t worry. . .
Just make sure you remove the insulation from the end of the wire.
This is all about it!
Now all you have to do is connect the diode.
Connect the wires to the various taps on the coil until you hear some sound.
If you have a good
The size of the antenna, remember to add your resistance.
The resistor will be connected to the two leads of the headset.
Not so easy?
Once you \'ve made the coils you just have to worry about the six connections and I\'ll list them for you here: now you have a working radio!
Connect your diode-
Connect the wires to various taps before you find the station!
So maybe your radio is broken.
The crystal radio is so simple that only a few limited things can be wrong.
I try to cover it here.
I hope you enjoyed this crystal radio tutorial!
There are a lot of other tutorials, but none of them really explain the theory and concepts behind the radio as I thought, which is why I put these things into my guide.
Starting from here, the radio can get more complicated, but there are still ways to add features without going deep into it.
In the next article in this series, I will discuss antenna design, variable capacitors, etc, so keep in mind to keep checking steampunk research and development!
The images I did not take came from Wikimedia Commons at the University of Oregon makeradio 1632.
The first part is the actual production of the functional radio, and the second part is to make the whole arrangement look good.
In this section, I\'m going to tell you more than just how to make crystal radios, and I\'m going to explain how and why they work.
Crystal Radio has been very steampunk since its first development in the late 19 th century.
The technology was discovered in 1874, but it was not commercially available until the beginning of the 20 th century.
The best thing about the crystal radio is that it doesn\'t need a separate power supply because all the power it needs is obtained from the skyline.
So most simple sets are very low
But they still work well!
For those who are not technicians
This project is really very, very simple.
Anyone can do it as long as you have the right parts.
Here are all the parts needed to make crystal radios, and I will explain what they are, how they work, and where to get them: you may notice that there are only four parts.
Yes, that\'s what you really need!
Before I start explaining what they are and what purpose they serve, let me tell you how the one o\'clock arrangement works.
With a set of crystals, it is important to have an antenna. Your coil (
I will talk about it later)
Can be used as a function of advertising
But you need a good antenna to achieve the best results.
The reason you need a good antenna is that the more antennas you have, the greater the power your device receives and the greater the sound.
This is because radio waves are wireless from all intents and purposes.
Yes, it\'s powerful enough to constantly surround and penetrate your invisible waves to power simple radios.
How is it possible?
Some of you may be familiar with the experiment by Nikola Tesla to provide wireless power to the world.
\"Power\" can refer to a lot of different things.
We often think of electricity as water and flow out of our sockets as needed.
In fact, it is much more complex than this, and like water, electricity has waves, streams and other features that control its various properties.
While you may think that radio waves and electricity are different, they are actually the same phenomenon!
Radio waves are just fluctuations in the magnetic field that surrounds us.
Think about the waves in the ocean: they can push you around because each wave has its own kinetic energy.
You can imagine the radio waves as invisible waves.
They are invisible to us because they do not respond to us.
However, the copper wire can \"see\" the wave as it is a conductor of electricity!
You can think of waves as vibrations.
When they touch the conductor, the conductor vibrates.
In this case, the vibration is very small and can hardly be heard.
That\'s why you need the crystal. or diode)
Then listen to the signal with a very, very sensitive headset.
When you use an electric radio, it adds power to the circuit, amplifying the vibration until it becomes very large.
The battery is like this (or plug)does.
No matter what kind of radio you have, it always receives radio waves even if it is powered off.
Unless you amplify the circuits because of the way modern radios are made, you can\'t hear them.
Now that you have a general idea of the principles behind the crystal radio, let\'s take a more concrete look at their components and how they work.
In Wikipedia, which is confused with the TV program of the same name, The Wire is the skeleton of your radio.
There are two uses for your wire: the radio wave catcher is called your antenna and the tuner is called your coil.
There are a lot of both configurations, but I will introduce it as simply as possible.
First of all, what kind of wire should you use?
This is a difficult question to answer, as there are shortcomings and shortcomings in each wire.
In general, you will encounter two different types in terms of crystal radio, insulated wire and magnet wire.
For all the intentions and purposes of this project, insulated wires and magnet wires are one thing.
No matter what you use, though you can see in the picture below that I used the magnet wire.
I chose the magnet wire for various reasons, but the most important thing for me is that it looks more like \"Steampunk \".
Very modern plastic insulationlooking.
You need to choose a line gauge which will affect your tuning ability.
I have a table for my car on the 16 th, but I would suggest it to be a little smaller as it might be easier to use.
So, maybe with the specification of 18 or 20, but this is mainly a problem that you prefer to work with larger or smaller wires.
We can adjust the tuning capability according to the wire specifications you use.
Magnet Wire was really easy to find and I ordered this one from Amazon.
We will discuss how to deal with this wire later.
When I first started making a steampunk crystal radio, I said to myself, \"Yes!
I will find a real crystal for my radio and it will be very real and awesome --looking!
\"Unfortunately, this enthusiasm soon disappeared as I began to understand what it would take to use a real crystal.
The Crystal you can use for crystal radio is very limited and you can\'t hang it on a piece of quartz.
Most crystals that are useful for radio are not crystals that look particularly beautiful, such as lead ore, which is the crystal form of lead.
Second, it is a great pain to adjust them in the back.
The crystal radio using a real crystal is called a \"cat silk\" device because of the way the wires hang on the crystal.
Basically, you need to keep
Adjust them when you are listening, otherwise you will lose the signal. It\'s terrible.
So despite my desire for authenticity, I had to compromise in order not to unplug my hair and use only modern diodes.
\"Modern\" is, of course, an angle issue because the design of modern diodes has not changed significantly since 1930.
Although I might use a vacuum
Tube diodes, which are hard to pass through, are still slightly more than the steampunk era.
I may continue to look, though.
Anyway, this is the diode I got: As you can see from the picture, these diodes are type 1N34A, which is enough for the crystal radio.
They look like this: if you zoom in very closely in the picture above, you can see that modern diodes are basically just fixed --whiskers.
It is the design of the cat, but it is fixed, so it cannot be moved.
So, a diode (or crystal)do?
Why do you need one?
It\'s hard to explain.
What the diode does is transmit the signal in one direction, not in the other, but at this point it may not make any sense to you.
When you have a circuit, the signal flows anywhere, even backwards.
If your signal flows forward and backward, you will get a huge mix of signals if you try to listen to it.
They will cancel themselves and do all kinds of things to make it unusable.
To solve this problem, you use a diode to filter your signal on the circuit.
In this way, you receive only one version of the signal on the headset.
If you want to think about this like our previous water analogy, think of the circuit as a pool.
The pool is full of water, like electricity in the circuit.
If you throw a stone in the pool, the ripples flow outward, and if you have a way to measure the waves at the edge of the pool, you will get an unobstructed signal from the waves you send out.
Now, imagine if you throw two stones into the water at both ends of the pool at the same time.
The ripples meet in the middle and disappear on their own, making the whole pool wavy, but destroying the purity of any one signal.
The normal state of the circuit is like two-
The stone model, but adding a diode will turn it into-
The stone model allows pure signals to be measured at the end.
At the end. . . .
Headphones this is where your signal ends, once you collect it from the skyline and filter it with a diode.
You need a special type of headset to really hear the signal;
The people you sit around your house don\'t do that.
This is because the design of the modern headset uses electricity, which is more reasonable than you use-sized antenna.
Because your power supply is very, very small, you need a very sensitive headset that will react to the tiny vibrations in your circuit.
This is called a \"high impedance\" headset, or a \"ceramic\" headset.
Unfortunately, a high-impedance headset is still being built around the world and is very ugly.
You can get them from different places, but I did some research and found that they all came from the same factory in the UK.
Unfortunately, they are rubbish.
The quality is very bad because some people don\'t work at all and others will die soon.
In addition, the manufacturer is aware of this and refuses to take any action on it. Nice, right?
However, you will get stuck if you want to buy a new high impedance headset because they are the only seller.
This is how it looks: it is normal 3.
5mm jack, but for the crystal radio you will want to cut it off and expose two wires at the end.
It\'s just a headset, but you need two wires to complete the circuit correctly.
We will discuss this more specifically below. Resistor (Optional)
The resistor allows you to manage the power on the circuit.
In the absence of technologies such as current and resistance, it will basically let a certain amount of power pass through it so that nothing connected to the circuit will be submerged.
You may not need a resistor using the basic crystal radio.
However, if your antenna is long enough, you may get enough power to hit your diode, which you don\'t want to happen.
So if you\'re going to string a long skyline, you might want to include a resistor.
This is the one I used: it\'s a resistance of 47 k. . .
Well, it\'s quite complicated to explain without real technology.
For simplicity, this resistor provides a resistance of 47,000 ohms for the circuit.
Resistance helps control the current.
This is a shallow water area of a very, very deep pool so I thought I would leave it there.
What you need to know about this project is that if you are going to have a long skyline, you should include a 47 k resistor.
They can be sold through almost any e-store and you can even order them on Amazon or Ebay.
Now that you know what the different parts are, it\'s time to start making the radio!
The first step is to make your own coil.
Coils are especially easy to make.
All you have to do is get someconductive (
Plastic, wood, cardboard, etc. )
Wrap some wires around it.
You want to keep the insulation, in the case of a normal wire, the insulation will be plastic, but in the case of a magnet wire, the insulation will be enamel.
The tighter the coil, the better it will work as well, but it can still work with loose coils.
Ideally, your coil form will be between 4-
6 inch in diameter, hollow.
The less material between wires, the stronger the magnetic field they produce.
Tables don\'t even need to be round. . .
A square or rectangle is fine.
In fact, for my first crystal radio, I used an empty cardboard box: Bathed in the glory of how ugly the radio was.
But you know what? It worked.
I can receive the signal and everything is fine.
Now, I\'m using something you don\'t need. bones set.
First of all, I have a spare piece of wood that I use as a base.
You really don\'t need this.
Second, I have some small metal clips that I use to assemble for convenience, but you don\'t need them either.
I ended up eating a crocodile clip, but that\'s not a must either.
However, crocodile clips can make your life easier.
Anyway, what you want to do is wrap your wire around the coil.
Every three rounds, do what they call a \"knock \".
The faucet is those small wire rings that you see in the picture above.
Just relax a little and turn your wire into a loop.
Do it every three laps, a total of about 40 laps.
That means you should end up with 13 taps.
The reason we do this is that our coil is actually a homemade variable resistor.
Variable resistors are also called potentiometer, they are the devices you use in a variety of things, such as volume knobs, dimmer switches, etc.
In this case, we will use variable resistors to tune the radio by artificially extending and shortening the magnetic field.
So, make sure to remove the insulation from the tap.
You need a knife to do this if you have plastic insulation, but some sandpaper will work fine if you have magnet wires.
Don\'t forget to leave some slack at the beginning and at the end as you need to connect these ends to other things.
Turn the coil into a wireless current, you have a coil with some taps, and the rest of the radio is just a matter of connecting the coil to the rest.
The top of the coil is attached to the antenna.
Just a simple copperto-
Copper connections are enough for all of this. . .
Welding is not required if you do not want.
If you don\'t know how to weld, you can simply screw the ends together and tape them.
Just make sure there is a strong connection, because you will not receive a signal if any of your wires are loose or not fully exposed to each other.
So, like I said, the top of your coil is connected to your antenna, and the bottom is connected to your ground.
Owning land is very important for getting a good signal, although I know that good land can be difficult for people who live in an apartment or city.
The ground is what it sounds like: the ground.
Ideally, what you do is knock a metal rod into the dirt for a few feet and then attach the bottom of the coil to the dirt.
In addition to that, you can connect your ground wire to some copper pipe or any other metal pipe that enters the ground.
In other words, you want your circuit to dissipate excess electricity.
Strictly speaking, there is no need for the ground.
Not the antenna.
Although there is no additional antenna and ground, your coil can act as an antenna on its own, ready to receive very weak signals.
My current device is portable so it has a small antenna with no ground but I have taken some steps to make it bigger.
I\'m going to talk about these steps in the next part of this series, but for now, either stick with the antenna and the ground, or abandon them completely for the sake of a weak signal.
From the end of the coil you connect to the ground, you want to connect to the headset with a wire.
Or, half of your headphones.
It\'s easy to connect an extra wire, just scrape off some insulation and wrap one wire around the other.
This wire will be connected directly to one of the two wires on the headset.
This forms the output wire so that your signal can reach the ground through the headphones.
Next, you will connect your diode to another lead on the headset.
You can connect it directly or you can connect it through a piece of wire.
Whatever you like
Finally, connect the other end of the diode to the length of the wire.
If you have a crocodile clip, connect it to the far end of the wire attached to your diode.
Otherwise, don\'t worry. . .
Just make sure you remove the insulation from the end of the wire.
This is all about it!
Now all you have to do is connect the diode.
Connect the wires to the various taps on the coil until you hear some sound.
If you have a good
The size of the antenna, remember to add your resistance.
The resistor will be connected to the two leads of the headset.
Not so easy?
Once you \'ve made the coils you just have to worry about the six connections and I\'ll list them for you here: now you have a working radio!
Connect your diode-
Connect the wires to various taps before you find the station!
So maybe your radio is broken.
The crystal radio is so simple that only a few limited things can be wrong.
I try to cover it here.
I hope you enjoyed this crystal radio tutorial!
There are a lot of other tutorials, but none of them really explain the theory and concepts behind the radio as I thought, which is why I put these things into my guide.
Starting from here, the radio can get more complicated, but there are still ways to add features without going deep into it.
In the next article in this series, I will discuss antenna design, variable capacitors, etc, so keep in mind to keep checking steampunk research and development!
The images I did not take came from Wikimedia Commons at the University of Oregon makeradio 1632.
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